دراسة مقارنة في تفسير آيتي الحجاب عند محمد علي الصابوني ومحمد قريش شهاب: الآية 59 من سورة الأحزاب والآية 31 من سورة النور

Abstract

This study examines the interpretation of Qur’anic verses concerning hijab through a comparative analysis of the thoughts of Muhammad Ali Al-Shabuni in Rawā’iʿ al-Bayān fī Tafsīr Āyāt al-Aḥkām min al-Qur’ān and Muhammad Quraisy Shihab in Tafsīr al-Miṣbāḥ. The study focuses on several Qur’anic verses related to hijab, namely Q.S. al-Aḥzāb verses 53 and 59, Q.S. al-Aʿrāf verse 26, and Q.S. al-Nūr verse 31. This research is library research employing a qualitative method with a normative-historical and descriptive-analytical approach. Data were collected through documentation techniques from primary and secondary sources and analyzed using content analysis and comparative methods.The findings reveal that both exegetes agree that the primary objective of hijab is to preserve the dignity and honor of Muslim women. However, they differ in their interpretative approaches and in determining the limits of women’s awrah. Muhammad Ali Al-Shabuni tends to adopt a textual and normative interpretation, emphasizing the obligation of covering the entire body except the face and hands, in accordance with the views of the majority of classical scholars. In contrast, Muhammad Quraisy Shihab employs a more contextual and moderate approach, arguing that the Qur’an does not explicitly define the detailed boundaries of women’s awrah, thus allowing room for ijtihād according to social and cultural contexts. This study concludes that the interpretation of hijab verses is dynamic and influenced by the socio-cultural background and methodological orientation of each exegete. The differences between the two interpretations demonstrate the flexibility of Islamic thought in responding to contemporary social realities while maintaining the essential values of modesty, morality, and piety.