طريقة الاستنباط التي يتبعها محمد قريش شهاب عن أحكام زكاة المهن منظورا للقرآن الكريم

Abstract

As a follow-up study, the author is interested in further investigating the issue of professional zakat by examining the istinbāth method used by M. Quraish Shihab, one of Indonesia’s most renowned exegetes, under the title: “M. Quraish Shihab’s Istinbāth Method Regarding the Law of Professional Zakat from a Qur’anic Perspective.” The objectives to be achieved in this study include: To determine the ruling on professional zakat according to the perspective of M. Quraish Shihab and To identify M. Quraish Shihab’s istinbāth method regarding the ruling on professional zakat from the perspective of the Qur’an. As for the benefits of this study, it is hoped that this research will fulfill the graduation requirements for the Marhalah Ula program at Ma’had Aly Darul Munawwarah Kuta Krueng and serve as a reference for future readers. This study is a qualitative analysis of the works of the salaf al-shalih exegetes; therefore, this type of research falls under the category of library research. Based on the explanations from existing exegeses, it can be concluded that according to M. Quraish Shihab, all forms of service-based work, in all their diversity, are encompassed by the general principle of Surah Al-Baqarah, verse 267. Therefore, all forms of income, regardless of their nature, are subject to zakat, including the salary earned by an employee, provided that the salary meets the conditions established within the context of zakat. M. Quraish Shihab’s method of istinbāth regarding professional zakat appears to differ from the views of other exegetes in classical texts; according to Quraish Shihab, based on a thematic (maudhu’i) exegetical analysis of Surah at -Taubah verse 103 and Surah Al-Baqarah verse 267, all assets derived from business activities are subject to zakat, using the istinbāth zahir nash method through the general wording of the verses serving as evidence for professional zakat.