THE SCIENTIFIC TRADITION OF PESANTREN THROUGH THE INTEGRATION OF SOROGAN AND BANDONGAN METHODS IN THE LEARNING OF KITAB KUNING IN WEST SUMATRA

Abstract

This article examines the scholarly tradition of pesantren in West Sumatra through the integration of the sorogan and bandongan methods in the learning of the kitab kuning. The study aims to investigate how these two classical methods are implemented in an integrated manner to preserve the continuity of the Islamic intellectual tradition while strengthening the mastery of religious sciences and the Arabic language within the pesantren environment. The focus of the study is directed toward three main aspects: (1) the integration pattern of the sorogan and bandongan methods in teaching and learning activities, (2) the contribution of these methods to achieving learning objectives based on tafaqquh fi al-diin, and (3) the relevance of the methods to the objectives and instructional materials of the kitab kuning, which are both turats-based and contextual. The research employed a qualitative approach using a multi-case study design involving several salafiyah pesantren in West Sumatra. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, and were validated using source and method triangulation techniques. The findings reveal that the integration of the sorogan and bandongan methods constitutes a primary strategy in maintaining the scholarly tradition of pesantren while adapting to contemporary needs. These methods not only support the effective transmission of Islamic knowledge but also serve as a foundation for developing a contextual kitab kuning curriculum based on strengthening the religious and linguistic competencies of santri. This study provides an important contribution to the revitalization of kitab kuning learning and to the development of traditional Islamic educational methodologies that are responsive to contemporary challenges.